Address formats explained

How the checksums work and what they can and cannot catch, with worked examples on public addresses.

TRC-20 or ERC-20: which USDT address is this?T… against 0x…, and what each exchange calls the network.
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Base58Check, step by stepVersion byte, payload and the four checksum bytes.
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Bech32 and Bech32mWhy bc1q and bc1p use different checksum constants.
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EIP-55: the checksum in letter caseWhy an all-lowercase 0x address cannot be checked for typos.
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Memo, tag and commentThe second field XRP, Stellar and TON deposits need.
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Clipboard malware and look-alike addressesWhy matching first and last characters is not enough.
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Testnet addressestb1, m/n/2, bchtest: and TON's test flag.
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